Namibia Inflation – September 2015

CPI Sept 1

According to the Namibia Statistics Agency, the Namibian annual inflation rate unexpectedly fell to 3.3% in September, down from 3.4% in August. On a month on month basis, prices rose by 0.1% compared to 0.3% in August. On a year on year basis, only a third of the basket categories prices grew at a faster rate in September than in August, while the other two thirds saw price pressures slowing, bringing down overall inflation. Year on year inflation is again well below average, largely due to a drop in the price of oil over the past year, and the knock on effects this has on prices in the heaviest weighted basket item (housing, water and electricity, and gas and other fuels), which is experiencing prolonged inflation of well below the basket average. 12 month average inflation reached a fresh low of 3.7% in September, and has been coming down steadily since November 2014.

CPI Sept 2

The four basket categories that experienced accelerated annual inflation were food and non-alcoholic beverages, alcoholic beverages and tobacco, communications, as well as miscellaneous goods and services. Accelerating price increases in the food and non-alcoholic beverages basket category was spread relatively evenly amongst the components of this category, with bread and cereal prices rising relatively more quickly than the rest. Both alcoholic beverages and tobacco prices increased marginally, dragging up average inflation somewhat. Communications prices experienced a relatively large price increase of 1.9% year on year and 1.6% month on month making it the basket category exhibiting the highest inflation for the month.

The transport basket category remains below overall inflation, thus dragging down the average rate, exhibiting year on year inflation of -2.2% and month on month inflation of -1.0%. Transport is the third largest basket category by weighting and as such has a large impact on overall inflation. The deflation experienced by this basket category is largely due to the operation of personal transportation equipment, which is becoming less expensive as fuel prices decline. Prolonged lower fuel prices due to the oil rout have provided consumers with some respite worldwide and in this Namibia is no exception. The effects of cheap transportation flow through to many other basket categories, as second and third round effects, and in thus may contribute to lower overall inflation longer term.

Inflation on the healthcare, and hotels, cafes and restaurants, has slowed on a year on year basis and deflation was experienced on a month on month basis. On a year on year basis the medical products, appliances and equipment subcategory of the health basket was responsible for the decline in the rate of inflation. In the hotels, cafes and restaurants segment of the basket, the contributor to negative monthly inflation and the slowdown in annual inflation was the accommodation services sub-category. This is a result of off peak season price reductions by accommodation providers.

The slowdown in annual inflation came as a surprise to us as a weak rand and fuel prices off their lows, as well as the pass-through of base effects, suggest that annual inflation should be picking up and not slowing. An explanation for this decline in annual inflation could be that transportation service providers are slow to adapt to declines in fuel prices. Prolonged cheap fuel is priced into costs over an extended period of time due to the customer’s dependency on the service. This results in prolonged periods of deflation in the transportation basket category which drags on overall inflation due to weak inflation in the rest of the basket categories, especially inflation on housing costs. Despite this we continue to expect inflation to rise as we enter the last quarter of the year.

It is worth mentioning that the price pressures experienced by Namibian, and particularly urban, consumers in Namibia has decoupled from the numbers reported by the NSA with regards to inflation. Moreover, wage settlements in the country, including those of the NSA itself, are unlikely to reflect the reported NCPI numbers, but be significantly higher than such. However, providing a single inflation figure that is reconcilable to the (undefinable) average Namibian is all but impossible, given the vastly different consumer patterns in the country, largely due to the income inequality of the populous.

Nevertheless, major anomalies, such as low housing inflation levels stand out as examples of areas in which the current survey methodology may not be adequately capturing price pressures. Anecdotal evidence suggests that rental prices rise by 8% – 10% per year, and finance costs have risen by approximately 7.5% this year. The official number for rent price inflation (owners and renters) is just 1.5% over the last year.

CPI Sept 3

New Vehicle Sales – September 2015

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A total of 1,646 new vehicles were sold in Namibia during September. New vehicle sales decreased by 13.8% year on year, but increased 3.3% month on month. At this point of the year, 16,175 vehicles have been sold so far in 2015, up 1% on the comparable period of 2014. Although this figure keeps Namibia on track for a record year of new vehicle sales at present, the declining rate of growth of new vehicle sales suggests otherwise. The 12-month cumulative measure of new vehicles sold decreased further to 22,090 in September from 22,354 in August, largely due to an elevated base and strong vehicle sales in 2014.

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Passenger vehicle sales rose by 4.3% month on month, from 665 in August to 683 in September, down from a high of 910 in March this year. On a year to date basis, sales of passenger vehicles slowed further by 1.3% to 7,199, while year on year sales fell by 10.7% off a reasonably high base. After August, this is the second year to date contraction in passenger vehicle sales since March 2013. 2014 saw exceptional growth in passenger vehicle sales which has proven to be unsustainable as the year to date percentage change in vehicle sales has shown. In 2014 this measure of passenger vehicle sales growth averaged 27% per month but has dropped to -1.2% for this year.

Commercial vehicle sales increased by 2.7% month on month as 963 vehicles sold. On a year on year basis a 15.9% decrease was recorded. Thus while the year to date figure is still above last year’s, the growth rate in commercial vehicle sales is declining steadily, although off a high base. Light commercial vehicle sales increased slightly by 0.2% month on month but fell 18.9% year on year. Medium commercial vehicle sales fell 7.8% month on month and declined 12.5% year on year. Heavy commercial vehicle sales rose by 47.3% month on month and 35.0% year on year, emphasizing the trend of slowing growth in sales. Despite this trend year to date commercial vehicle sales are still on track for a record year.

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Toyota once again topped the number of vehicles sold per brand for the month at 650, a market share of 39.0%. 193 or 28.1% of the 683 passenger vehicles sold during the month were Toyotas, as well as 457 or 54.0% of the 847 light commercial vehicles sold. Volkswagen moved 174 passenger vehicles or 25.5% of the total sold during the month. In total Volkswagen’s market share was 13.0% of the total. Ford managed 7.5% market share for the month, closely followed by Nissan with 6.0% and Isuzu with 5.9%.

Picture5The Bottom Line

We have seen exceptionally strong vehicle sales growth through 2014, fuelled by a strong consumer base supported by expansionary fiscal policy and real wage growth, but the latest figures show that this trend is losing momentum. Strong vehicle sales in 2014 have elevated the base substantially which has led to lower percentage growth figures, although the number of vehicles sold is still strong. Thus we may see vehicle sales normalising somewhat at the levels seen this year. Downside risks to this are rising interest rates which may limit marginal lenders from qualifying for financing as well as banking sector liquidity which may limit the amount of loans available to finance vehicle purchases.

 

Building Plans – September 2015

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A total of 206 building plans valued at N$133.7 million were approved by the City of Windhoek in September 2015. On a year to date basis, 1,965 plans were approved with a value of N$1.543 billion, versus 2,258 plans valued at N$1.837 billion for the same period last year. This represents a 16.0% decrease in the value of plans approved on a year to date basis. This decrease is mainly due to base effects as three large commercial projects were approved by the municipality in February 2014. The September value, however, is in line with the average year to date value over the last 5 years of N$1.558 billion. On a month to date basis, the value of plans approved decreased by 16.2%, due to a fall in the value of approved additions, domestic and commercial spaces compared to August. The below chart illustrates the value of plans approved on a tear to date basis compared to previous years.

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The 12-month cumulative value of plans approved continued to fall, down from N$2.012 billion in August to N$2.004 billion this month, along with the cumulative number of plans approved, which fell from 2,648 in August to 2,553 in September. These figures are presented in the charts below.

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In our view, the construction sector will remain one of the leading growth and development sectors for 2015 in the Namibian economy, with both private sector and government having aggressive development plans. However, since many of these plans occur outside the Windhoek municipal area, they are not captured in the monthly building plan statistics.